Abstract: Through multi-target geochemical survey advances have been made in the study of the background values ??and distribution characteristics of the elements, study of structure, agriculture and environmental pollution, prediction of natural gas and calculation of the pH values. It is judged that the deep-layer samples play a special role in the study of the distribution of deep-seated elements, structure, development of root-deep crops and prediction of natural gas and that the shallow-layer samples plays a special role in the study of the distribution of shallow-seated elements, agricultural geology and environmental pollution. The multi-target geochemical survey and double-layer sampling can be popularized.