Abstract：In ancient times, due to the lower productive force of the society, the natural environment greatly influenced the evolution of ancient human being, production and residency. According to sporopollen analysis and study and reconstruction of ancient vegetations, combined with studies of the geochemical behaviors of paleosol of the Guanghan layer of the Shanxingdui site and hydrodynamic conditions of ancient rivers, the ancient environment of the Jinsha cultural site was studied in an attempt to provide the environmental background for the study of the Sichuan ancient culture. Study shows that the climate in the cultural period was generally tropical and subtropical warm-humid. Meanwhile, the warm-humid climate alternated with the warm-dry one.