Abstract：The rapid scientific and technological and economic development makes higher demands on the environmental quality. The high level of environment quality requires that various kinds of environmental engineering can achieve the effect of protecting the environmental from pollution forever. The unique way to achieve this effect depends on geological barriers. Therefore, this paper makes a detailed argumentation of the basic function of geological barriers, safety assessments of geological barriers and how to use them to solve environmental problems by using a mass of experimental data and practical experience. The authors also propose that as China is provided with various advantageous geological conditions and many excellent useable geological barriers we should make full use of the basic theories of geosciences to deal with environmental problems and promote the environmental state and eco-environment to be better gradually.