Abstract：Based on an analysis of data obtained from seismic profiles, cores, loggings and outcrops, and using the balanced section technology, this paper deals with structural-sedimentary characteristics and tectonic evolution history of the Tadongnan uplift belt in Tarim basin since Paleozoic. Six unconformities were identified on seismic profiles and, on such a basis, five major tectonic sequences were recognized. The Tadongnan Uplift was initially formed in Late Ordovician and experienced Caledonian, Hercynian, Indosinian, Yanshanian and Himalayan movements. Intra-continental deformation took place predominantly during the Mesozoic, with the extensional faulting controlled by two principal boundary faults respectively on the south and on the north. In Early Mesozoic and later, the Tadongnan Uplift experienced serious compressional reformation, thus forming the tectonic framework characterized by two depressions and two uplifts as seen at present.