Abstract：The Kaschin-beck disease is an epidemic disease widespread in such environments as middle-low mountains, low-lying lands (low plain and intermountain valley basin), migration and enrichment areas of elements, and intermediate-acid reducing and alkaline-oxidizing conditions. The non-disease area lies in the transitional zone from the depletion to the enrichment of elements in a neutral oxidization-reduction environment. The Kaschin-Beck disease is a disease affected by various geological environmental factors, in which hydrogeochemistry is the most important factor.