Abstract：The potable water endemic fluorosis (called endemic fluorosis disease for short) is an endemic disease caused by drinking water which has had excessive fluorine content for a long time. The main factors responsible for the endemic fluorosis disease are the specific natural environment, geological environment, living environment etc. This paper has discussed the geological environments in which the endemic fluorosis disease has occurred in Northeast China, investigated the problem on the endemic fluorosis disease prevention and given some advices concerning water improvement.