Abstract：Based on an analysis of the substantive connotation of the “Belt and Road”, this paper systemically discusses the issues about how to construct the “Belt and Road” in the field of geological survey, including principles, cooperation areas, cooperation mechanisms, working foundation, recent deployment and planning as well as bottleneck problems. Following the “common development” main line of building “Belt and Road” and adhering to the philosophy of “peace and cooperation, openness and inclusiveness, mutual learning and mutual benefit”, the cooperation working contents include earth sciences joint research, fundamental geological survey, hydrogeological survey, engineering geological investigation, environmental geological survey, marine geological survey, geo-hazard investigation, evaluation, monitoring and mitigation, and geo-information sharing and so on. Through the establishment of the bilateral, multilateral, subregional, regional cooperation mechanisms and cooperation platform cooperation, technical，personnel and cultural exchanges and cooperation, geological survey will support and serve “Belt and Road” sustainable development. This paper proposes two important issues, i.e., the international cooperation mechanism construction and the international cooperation personnel training, which should be resolved during the building of “Belt and Road” of geological survey. In addition, some related suggestions are put forward.