Energy and mineral resources constitute a country's strategic resources for national security and economic development. It is of paramount importance to strengthen research and development (R&D) on oil, gas, coal and other energy resources in China and surrounding regions. According to plate tectonics, continental dynamics and geological theory of oil, gas and coal reservoir, with the research thought of deep structure controlling the basin-range development, basin-range coupling and geothermal dynamical system controlling the mineralization, by the basic geological data of 70 oil and gas fields and 471 coal fields, in aspects such as the regional geological characteristic, metallogenic geological condition and metallogenic unit of sedimentary basin development, the spatial-temporal distribution law of plate tectonic pattern and energy resources of the area are prompted on the GIS platform. The energy resources in Southern China and adjacent areas may be divided into three metallogenic domains. Therein, each tectonic metallogenic domain may be subdivided into metallogenic regions of four levels:metallogenic province, ore-bearing area (basin), ore field aggregation zone (belt), and ore field (oil and gas field). Moreover, the dataset is composed of type and time of tectonic zone (fault zone and orogenic belt), type and time of basin, type and abundance of energy and mineral resources, metallogenic province and belt, and other metadata. Based on regional tectonic research, this dataset is a complete database established by GIS. It is in line with the evaluation data of energy and mineral resources (oil, natural gas, coal) of sedimentary basin, and the comprehensive analysis of the characteristics of metallogenic provinces and belts. It not only features the integration of regional geological cognition and energy resource prospection achievements of sedimentary basin in Southern China and adjacent areas, but also the theoretical foundation for the scientific direction of geological prospecting deployment of the State.