The Dataset of the Resource and Environment Atlas for the Purpose of Supporting and Serving the Planning, Construction and Green Development of Guangzhou (also referred to as the Atlas), a professional integrated atlas in geology, was prepared based on a collation and summary of the latest materials and results obtained from hydrogeological, engineering geological and environmental geological surveys. It focuses on the development of Guangzhou, one of the three poles of the Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area. In the Atlas, it collected and collated environmental geological surveys, monitoring data and research results carried out in Guangdong, Hong Kong, Macau and Bay Area since the Land and Resources Survey.. Moreover, they were expressed in a more popular and legible means such as figures or forms based on secondary study and development. In general, the Atlas consists of 53 maps and 6 categories, i.e., introductory maps, maps on the assessment of the geological suitability for the development and utilization of national land space, maps on the major geological safety problems that ought to be noted in urban planning and construction, maps on the advantageous geological resources that ought to be fully utilized for industrial development, maps on the state of the resources and environment that ought to be focused on for ecological environmental protection and maps on the basic geological conditions. Furthermore, the Atlas also contains the geological recommendations to support the development of green ecological agriculture, the development of a clean energy industry, safe use of water, the development of a tourism industry and the enhancement of the abilities to prevent and reduce natural disasters in the Guangdong-Hongkong-Macao Greater Bay Area, effectively serving the planning of national land space and the building of sponge cities in Guangzhou.