Coal measure gas is an important part of unconventional natural gas field, and it is also a hot spot of unconventional natural gas research in recent years. Summing up the research progress of coal measure gas and clarifying the important scientific problems to be solved are of great significance for perfecting the geological theory of coal measure gas and promoting the exploration and development of coal measure gas. The current research progress of coal measure gas can be mainly concluded in the following five aspects:a. summary of six basic geological characteristics of paragenic reservoir of coal measure gas based on the sedimentary characteristics of coal measure gas; b. preliminary classification of paragenesis and assemblage mode of coal measure gas, and analysis of four major controlling factors of coal measure gas and their allocation relationship; c. analysis of the genesis of the superimposition of coal measure gas, and raise of identification and evaluation method of the superimposed coal measure gas system and the geological elements controlling the compatibility of the superimposed gas bearing system; d. summary of the theoretical research, technical methods, recognition technology of production contribution, optimal combination of production layers and "desserts" evaluation of co-exploration and co-production in coal measure gas; and e. some exploratory researches in evaluation of coal measure gas resource and prediction of its prospects. Based on the summary of the present research, four important scientific problems to be solved urgently in the study of coal measure gas are put forward as follows:a. the fine reservoir description and reservoir removability evaluation of coal measure gas; b. evaluation of coal measure gas resources and optimization of its prospects; c. the evaluation technology of development sweet areas (sector) of coal measure gas; and d. co-production compatibility evaluation of superimposed coal measure gas system. The solution of these problems will contribute to the efficient development of coal measure gas resources and the development of its geological theory.