This paper is the result of mineral exploration engineering. Objective Fluorite is an important mineral resource in modern industries, and it is listed as the top priority of nonmetallic mineral prospecting in Henan Province. In recent years, several geological prospecting units in Henan Province have been engaged in prospecting fluorite in the Heyu area of Luanchuan County, and the Madiu fluorite deposit is the first proven large deposit, with an estimated amount of 8.84 million tons of fluorite ore and 4.76 million tons of CaF₂ mineral. The average grade of CaF₂ is 53.83%. The east–west ends of the ore body are not closed along the strike. Therefore, summarizing the geological characteristics is of great significance for guiding the prospecting activities in this area. Methods Based on the general and detailed investigation of the Madiu fluorite deposit in the last five years, the metallogenic geological conditions, geological characteristics, quality characteristics, and prospecting indicators are systematically summarized. Results The Madiu fluorite deposit is the largest single fluorite ore body in Henan and its surrounding provinces. There are many ore veins of different sizes, which are equal spaced along the trend and are nearly parallel along the strike. There are also many fluorite ore bodies scattered around. Conclusions The Madiu fluorite mineralization is related to granites and NW–trending structures, and the deposit type is medium–low temperature vein deposit with fissure filling in silicate rock.