This paper is the result of mineral exploration engineering.
[Objective]Hunan Province is rich in mineral resources with various types of minerals and genetic types of deposits, but there is still a lack of systematic introduction and summary of the ages and tectonic settings of the various minerals. [Methods]Based on the existing regional mineral data, combined with the achievements on regional tectonic evolution, geochorology of igneous rocks and deposits and metallogenesis in recent years, this paper systematically discusses and summarizes the mineralization events and the tectonic settings, metallogenesis, mineral development and distribution characteristics of the mineralizations. [Results]There have been 22 major mineralization events in Hunan Province, which includes from early to late:Sedimentary manganese ore of Xuefeng period (Banxi period) Madiyi stage; sedimentary iron ore of Early Nanhua Fulu period (superimposed later transformation); sedimentary manganese ore of Middle Nanhua Datangpo period; phosphate ore of Early Sinian Doushantuo period; vanadium polymetallic ore, barite ore and stone coal mine of Early Cambrian Niutitang period; sedimentary manganese ore of Middle-Late Ordovician; non-metallic minerals such as limestone ore, dolomite ore and jade ore of Sinian-Ordovician; endogenetic hydrothermal deposits of Silurian; sedimentary manganese ore of Middle Devonian Qiziqiao period (superimposed later transformation); Ningxiang-type iron ore of Late Devonian; coal mine of Early Carboniferous Ceshui period; gypsum mine of Early Carboniferous Zimenqiao period; coal mine of Middle Permian Liangshan period; sedimentary manganese ore of Middle Permian Gufeng period (late Maokou period); coal mine of Late Permian Longtan period; non-metallic ore such as limestone, dolomite, sandstone and clay of Devonian-Early Triassic; coal mine of Late Triassic-Early Jurassic; endogenetic hydrothermal deposits of Late Triassic; endogenetic hydrothermal deposits and magmatic deposits of Late Jurassic-Early Cretaceous, sedimentary reformed copper mine of Late Cretaceous; gypsum mine of Paleogene; clay Ore, rare earth ore, alluvial tin ore, monazite polymetallic ore and diamond ore of Quaternary. [Conclusions]The distributions of deposits of the three major endogenetic events such as Silurian (Caledonian) endogenetic hydrothermal mineralization, Late Triassic (late Indosinian) endogenetic hydrothermal mineralization and Late Jurassic-Early Cretaceous (middle and late Yanshanian) endogenetic hydrothermal and magmatic mineralization are obviously controlled by the contemporaneous tectonic frameworks; The distributions of exgogenetic deposits such as sedimentary iron-manganese ore of Nanhua, multiple sedimentary deposits of Sinian-Early Ordovician, multiple sedimentary deposits of Devonian-Early Triassic, coal mine of Late Triassic-Early Jurassic, and sedimentary copper and gypsum mine of Cretaceous-Paleogene are controlled by contemporaneous tectonic paleogeography. Taking metallogenic events as clues, this paper comprehensively elaborated the temporal-spatial distribution characteristics of mineral resources and metallogenic regularities in Hunan Province, which has important reference value for regional prospecting.
Highlights: The 22 main metallogenic geological events in Hunan Province are determined, and the tectonic settings, deposit genesis, mineral development and distribution characteristics of each metallogenic event are analyzed and summarized.