Abstract:1∶50 000 solid mineral geological surveys are long-term basic, public-spirited, and strategic geological work that guarantee national energy and resource security. They serve as both an important foundation and forerunner of mineral exploration and an important index of national geological surveys and earth system science research. Their purpose is to ascertain national mineral reserves, achieve significant breakthroughs in prospecting or make new discoveries, and guide and drive subsequent mineral exploration. Meanwhile, they play an important role in serving major strategies, social development, and ecological civilization construction. In 2019, the China Geological Survey officially issued the Technical Requirement of 1∶50 000 Solid Mineral Geological Survey (DD 2019-02), creating a new mineral geological survey method by mapping (compiling) suite-tectonic maps according to mineralization types and taking mineralization types as the thread, metallogenic factors as the objects, pre-research as the base, and mineral and geology-specific mapping as the core. Meanwhile, a mineral resources potential evaluation technical system and a "trinity" assessment system were also established. The former is based on the comprehensive geological information prediction of deposit models and the later integrates the assessment of geological potential, technical and economic feasibility, and environmental impact. All these guide solid mineral geological surveys and the expression of survey results and provide technical support for solid mineral exploration. Among them, the 1∶50 000 mineral geological maps serve as the core result maps of solid mineral geological surveys. This paper focuses on a brief description of the requirements of map compilation and database building of 1∶50 000 mineral geological maps based on the Technical Requirement of 1∶50 000 Solid Mineral Geological Survey (DD 2019-02).

Abstract:The 1∶50 000 mineral geological map of the Shiren Town map-sheet (K52E013003) in Jilin Province was prepared by adopting indoor and field mapping (compilation) according to the Technical Requirement of 1∶50 000 Solid Mineral Geological Survey (DD 2019-02), during which the results of previous 1∶50 000 regional geological surveys were fully utilized. With mineralization types as the main line, this project focused on mineral and geology-specific mapping based on a preliminary study and mainly researched metallogenic factors. Meanwhile, the presentation of geology-specific mapping results was actively explored and innovated, the stratigraphic sequences of the Shiren Town map-sheet were basically ascertained, and the sedimentary rock suites, intrusion suites, and metamorphic rock suites were determined in detail. The map was completed by adding geographic data and mineral resource information to the suite-tectonic map, highlighting the expression of metallogenic information. The database of the map (also referred to as the Database) contains a mineral geological vector map in MapGIS format, whole-rock petrogeochemical data of seven samples, petrogeochemical data of major, trace, and rare earth elements of 20 samples, and zircon U–Pb isotopic dating data of 16 samples. Besides, it includes the data of 13 gold and polymetallic deposits, whose genetic types are quartz vein and alteration types. The total amount of resource reserves is 1098.41×10⁴ t, and that of gold is 49 989 kg, with the average Au grade of 4.55 g/t. With a data size of about 80.70 MB, the database fully reflects the results of 1∶50 000 mineral and geology-specific mapping, thus providing basic geological bases and prospecting direction for future strategic actions on prospecting breakthroughs.

Abstract:During the 1∶50 000 stream sediment survey of Hunjiang City map-sheet, Jilin Province, a total of 1961 samples of stream sediments were collected, with the sample grain size ranging from –10 meshes to +80 meshes and average sampling density of 5.1 samples per km². Sixteen elements, namely Au, Ag, Cu, Pb, Zn, As, Sb, Bi, Hg, W, Sn, Mo, Cd, Co, Cr and Ni, were analyzed using the techniques of atomic emission spectrometry (AES), adsorption of foam plastic by graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrometry (GFAAS), atomic fluorescence spectroscopy (AFS), and inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS), forming the primary dataset of 1∶50 000 stream sediment survey of Hunjiang City map-sheet, Jilin Province (also referred to as the Dataset). The Dataset consists of one primary data table in Excel and a set of atlas in MapGIS format. The former is comprised of the primary analysis data of 16 elements for 1961 samples, and the later includes one mineral geological map, one sampling point bitmap, 16 single-element geochemical maps, and 16 single-element anomaly maps. On the basis of the Dataset, 403 single-element geochemical anomalies and 24 integrated anomalies were newly discovered. Meanwhile, three prospecting target areas of gold deposits and two of copper and polymetallic deposits were delineated based on the geological survey, geophysical and geochemical exploration, remote sensing data and existing metallogenic clues. The Dataset provides fundamental data for the map-sheet area and serves as a geochemical basis for geological research and applications in other fields.

Abstract:In this paper, the database of 1∶50 000 mineral geological map of Changtuxilesitai Map-sheet (L50E015021), Inner Mongolia (also referred to as the Database) was established on the basis of digital geological mapping system, achieving the digitalization of the whole process of early data preparation → field geological mapping → indoor comprehensive data collation → the presentation of final results. Meanwhile, various relevant data were effectively described, stored, organized and utilized in an integrated way. The mapping method of “volcanic structure–lithology and lithofacies–volcanic strata” was adopted during the establishment of the Database. As a result, the volcanic strata were determined again, and the volcanic lithofacies as well as eruption cycles and their association types were classified in detail. Furthermore, the relationship of volcanics, volcanic structures and volcanic activities with mineralization were ascertained, and the geological conditions and metallogenic rule of metal minerals in Mesozoic volcanic areas were summarized. The Database contains eight stratigraphic units, four phases of volcanic eruption cycles, eight mineralization prospecting areas and six prospecting target areas. In addition, it also contains analytical data on 1170 pieces of rock samples and 261 pieces of samples for geochemistry, 108 pieces of samples for petrochemistry, 222 pieces of thin slice samples for petrography, 35 pieces of S and Pb isotopes, ten pieces of H and O isotopes, as well as four zircon U–Pb ages. The newly discovered Changtuxili Ag-Pb-Zn-Mn deposits in the map-sheet area have a roughly identified resource of 1028.35 tonnes of 334₁ Ag, 112500 tonnes of Pb, 93600 tonnes of Zn and 552400 tonnes of Mn, belonging to a large-scale silver polymetallic deposit. The Database is detailed and accurate in contents and boasts high utility, providing important basic data for further survey and assessment of mineral resources, as well as the exploration and development of metal minerals in the area of Mesozoic volcanic rocks in the middle–southern section of the Da Hinggan Mountains.

Abstract:According to Technical Requirement of Solid Mineral Geology Survey (1∶50 000) (DD 2019–02) as well as other industrial criteria and requirements, 379.93 km² of 1∶50 000-scale geologic mapping of the Chongli Map-sheet, Hebei Province has been completed with 11 mineralized occurrences being verified, and 1622 stream sediment samples being collected; 1623 physical points of gravity survey were finished, three groups of zircon U–Pb dating samples and more than 80 pieces of fluid inclusion samples were tested, the 1∶50 000-scale geological map of Chongli Map-sheet, Hebei Province was compiled, and the correspondent database was established. Relevant mineralization information, including Yanshanian magmatic rocks and relevant dykes, alkaline complexes and Guzuizi Formation, mineralization and alteration, etc. were highlighted, Mesoarchean and Neoarchean metamorphogenic plutons within the Chongli Map-sheet area were delineated, and Hercynian, Indochina and Yanshanian magmatic rock formation types were divided; Zhangjiakou Formation volcanic rocks were divided into seven formation types, and Guzuizi Formation metamorphic rocks were divided into three formation types; the mineralized geologic bodies, mineralized structures and mineralized structural planes, mineralization characteristic indicators of gold deposits within the area were summarized systematically. This database provides basic data support for gold prospecting in the area, favors extracting geological and structure–formation information of target gold horizons and is of reference value to subsequent mineral exploration deployment.

Abstract:The geological and mineral survey in Qixia–Muping area, Jiaodong metallogenic province (also referred to as the survey site) is one of a new round of mineral and geological survey projects initiated by the China Geological Survey. During this project, ten 1∶50 000 mineral geologic maps were mapped (prepared) in accordance with uniform industrial standards and requirements such as the Technical Requirement of 1∶50 000 Solid Mineral Geological Survey (DD 2019–02). Meanwhile, the results of relevant regional geological surveys were adopted, special geological field mapping was conducted by using digital mapping, and indoor mapping (preparation) was combined with outdoor mapping (preparation). Thirty-one ore occurrences (mineralized points) were newly discovered, and 42 prospecting target areas were delineated throughout the area by making full use of the latest results of geological interpretation of 1∶50 000-scale remote sensing data, high-precision ground magnetic survey and gravity survey. Among them, the former consists of 24 gold ore occurrences (mineralized points), four copper ore occurrences and three silver–lead ore occurrences, and the latter is composed of 25 areas of grade A, 14 areas of grade B, and three areas of grade C. All these survey results were included in the database. The geological and mineral survey database of Qixia–Muping Area, Jiaodong Metallogenic Province (also referred to as the Database) integrates the databases of 1∶50 000-scale mineral and geological maps and their map decorations, geophysical databases, remote sensing databases, sample databases, comprehensive result databases, and prospecting engineering databases, with a total data size of 299 MB. It covers the data of 275 mineral occurring sites, and 23 species of polymetallic, precious metallic and non-metallic deposits. The resources of Au, Ag, Cu, Pb, Zn, Mo, W and graphite are predicted to be 836.94 tonnes, 499 tonnes, 727 100 tonnes, 174 100 tonnes, 283 100 tonnes, 357 000 tonnes, 28 000 tonnes and 1.64 million tonnes, respectively. The Database serves as an important reference for basic geological research and exploration of mineral resources in the Qixia–Muping area.

Abstract:The 1∶50 000 mineral and geological map of Zangjiazhuang Map-sheet (J51E016004), Shandong Province was prepared according to applicable industry standards such as Technical Requirement of 1∶50 000 Solid Mineral Geological Survey (DD 2019-02) and Spatial Database for Digital Geological Map (DD 2006-06), during which the results of relevant 1∶50 000- and 1∶200 000-scale regional geological surveys were fully adopted. In addition, a digital mapping system was applied to acquire data in the field, and indoor map preparation was conducted in combination with field survey of key survey sites. The data in the 1∶50 000 mineral and geological map database of Zangjiazhuang Map-sheet, Shandong Province (also referred to as the Database) was individually stored according to four types of classes, namely feature classes, complex classes, object classes and independent feature classes. In this paper, a new polymetallic metallogenic belt located in Qixia, Yantai City was proposed, i.e., the Gaojia–Xiangkuang–Xingjiashan polymetallic metallogenic belt. This metallogenic belt, with Mesozoic acid intrusions as metallogenic intrusions, is under the control of the intersection of the EW- and NNE-trending faults. LA-ICP-MS zircon U-Pb dating of the metallogenic intrusions in typical Xiangkuang polymetallic deposits indicates that the metallogenic age of the metallogenic intrusions is 127.91±0.58 Ma, providing new credible data for research into the metallogenic ages and rules of the polymetallic deposits in Zangjiazhuang Map-sheet. The Database covers the data of five ages and 25 mineral deposits, including two copper ore occurrences and one gold mineralized point that were newly discovered. Meanwhile, two prospecting target areas were determined and six predicted minimum prospecting target areas were delineated. Furthermore, the resources of Au, Ag, Pb and Zn in the new polymetallic metallogenic belt were predicted to be 10 962 kg, 499.638 t, 141 437 t and 230 011 t, respectively. The Database could provide basic data for the geological prospecting in Zangjiazhuang Map-sheet, as well as data sources for information- and network-oriented construction of geology.

Abstract:The 1∶50 000 mineral geological survey of Shixia Map-sheet (I48E014014) in Gansu Province was conducted according to the Technical Requirements of Solid Mineral Geological Survey (1∶50 000) (DD2019-02) issued by the China Geological Survey. During this survey, the digital mapping technique was employed to carry out 1∶50 000 mineral geology-specific mapping, comprehensive mineral inspection, and prospecting prediction and to delineate prospecting target areas based on the systematical collection and comprehensive analysis of existing geological, geophysical, geochemical, remote sensing, and mineral data. The geology-specific mapping was completed by field mapping and indoor map compilation. As a result, the Shixia Map-sheet was divided into 19 types of informal sedimentary suites and one type of intrusive rock suites. Meanwhile, the mineral information cards were filled in combination with comprehensive mineral inspection of major survey sites in the Map-sheet area. On these bases, typical deposits in the Map-sheet area were researched and metallogenic factors were summarized. Moreover, the result maps such as 1∶50 000 mineral geological map, metallogenic regularity maps, and mineral prediction maps were prepared, and a database of these maps was developed. In the result maps and database, metallogenic suites, regional structures, and mineralized alteration are highlighted, metallogenic factors in the Shixia Map-sheet are systemically summarized, the metallogenic models of typical deposits are established, and seven prospecting and prediction targets of medium-low temperature hydrothermal gold deposits was delineated.

Abstract:The 1∶50 000 mineral geological map database of the Bazang Map-sheet (I48E013009), Gansu was compiled under the guidance of the Guide for Compiling Maps of Mineral Geological Survey Results (draft for discussion) and the three-in-one ore prospecting prediction geological model. The collected data include the previous 1∶50 000 regional geological survey primitive data maps, mineral investigation reports, scientific research reports, academic papers, and gathered data in the 1∶50 000 specific mapping. Data records include 811 entries on attitude, 102 on geological boundary, 5 on isotopic age, 2 on fossil, 21 on mineral information, 22 on mineralization alteration, 86 on fault, 111 on fold, and 65 on formation. The map face is a combination of the master map and corner maps to give a full, objective presentation of the regional geological boundaries, rock formations, eras, faults, fold axial traces, joints, cleavages, wrinkle lineations, mullion structures, fault plane striations, mineralization alterations, mineral information, and the metallogenic geology of typical deposits, covering the Caledonian storm deposits and fold deformations, Early Carboniferous ferruginous nodules, and a series of new discoveries and new understandings. In the attributes of the “formation-structure” layer, ore-bearing formations and mineralization alterations are emphasized. In the “fault” layer and “fold” structure layer, ore-forming structures are emphasized. The database provides basic data for the investigation and research of regional metallogenesis as well as engineering geology and environmental geology, and can be retrieved by users whenever so needed. The data volume of the Bazang Map-sheet is approximately 90.2 MB for the MapGIS spatial database and 2.51 MB for the Access database.

Abstract:Changba area, Gansu Province is located in Changba-Yeshuiheariscan and Indosinian Pb-Zn-Ag-Au metallogenic zone. During the implementation of the project titled Prospecting Prediction of Changba Ore Concentration Area, Gansu Province initiated by the Development and Research Center of China Geological Survey, the existing data on geology, geophysics, geochemistry, remote sensing, mineral distribution, and prospecting indicators of Changba area, were further processed. Most importantly, a 1∶50 000 tectonic-geochemical survey of Shilipu and Huangzhuguan Map-sheets was carried out. A total of 8694 samples were mainly collected from altered rocks and fillings in structures, with a mean sampling density of 13.02 samples per km². Among them, 2911 samples were used for tectonic-geochemical analysis. Nineteen elements (i.e. Au, Ag, Cu, Pb, Zn, As, Sb, Bi, Hg, W, Sn, Mo, Cd, Cr, Co, Ni, Mn, Ba, and B) were analyzed using the inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometer (ICP–MS), atomic fluorescence spectroscopy (AFS) and perpendicular electrode- emission spectrometry (ES). As a result, the distribution regularity of major metallogenic elements (i.e. Pb, Zn, and Au) and their associated elements were generally ascertained, the relations of these elements with stratum and structures were identified, and three prospecting areas were proposed. Based on this, a 1∶50 000 geochemical dataset of Shilipu and Huangzhuguan Map-sheets, Gansu Province (also referred to as the Dataset) was finally developed. It consists of one data table and an atlas. The former is composed of the primary analysis data of 19 elements for 2911 samples and the later includes one sampling point bitmap, 19 element geochemical maps, five element-association anomaly maps, one integrated anomaly map, and one interference and interpretation map. A total of 344 single-element geochemical anomalies and 24 integrated anomalies were newly discovered in Changba area. Meanwhile, Combining with the information on geology, minerals, geophysical prospecting, geochemical prospecting and remote sensing, one Au prospecting target and two Pb-Zn prospecting targets were delineated. The Dataset could provide geochemical information for mineral geological surveys and serves as an important reference for deep mineral prospecting prediction and basic geological research of Changba and its surrounding areas.

Abstract:The 1∶50 000 mineral geological map of the Huangzhuguan Map-sheet, Gansu (I47E013015) is compiled in accordance with the Technical Requirements of Solid Mineral Geological Survey (DD 2019–02) and unified industrial standards and requirements. On the basis of existing 1∶50 000 and 1∶250 000 regional geological survey results, the work was performed through field geology-specific mapping both outdoors and indoors with the help of digital mapping systems. The Huangzhuguang mineral geological map redivides the formation types of the Devonian Xihanshui Group, and establishes three formation units of the Devonian lead and zinc-forming period, including lead-zinc-bearing carbonate rock formation (D₁a^1a), lead-zinc-rich carbonate rock formation (D₁a^1c), and lead-zinc-poor phyllite with limestone formation (D₁a²). The map also establishes the EW fold–fault structure systems within the map-sheet area, highlights the lead-zinc ore-bearing formations and the special lithologic layers closely related to the metallogenesis of lead and zinc, and innovatively presents geological features related to the metallogenesis of lead and zinc in the exhalation sedimentation period and hydrothermal reformation period supplemented by a lithofacies paleogeographic sketch map and a tectonic outline map. The database contains 16 stratigraphic units, five stages of intrusive rocks, three stages of structures, four isotopic ages, 12 pieces of whole-rock analytical data, and 30 pieces of mineral deposit data, with a data volume of 30.6 MB. The database gives a full presentation of the demonstrative results of 1∶50 000 mineral geological survey and can provide reference for other similar areas.

Abstract:The 1∶50 000 mineral geological map of the Suolong Map-sheet (I48E010011) in Zhaishang–Mawu Gold Deposit in Minxian County, Gansu Province was developed in accordance with the Technical Requirements of Solid Mineral Geological Survey (1∶50 000) and other unified standards and requirements in the geological industry, during which the results obtained from previous 1∶50 000-scale regional geological surveys and 1∶50 000-scale regional mineral surveys were fully utilized. Meanwhile, the digital mapping system was adopted for field geology-specific mapping, and indoor map compilation was conducted along with field mapping. In this map, the sedimentary suite types of the pre-Devonian Wujiashan and Dacaotan Formations, Carboniferous Badu Formation, and Permian Shilidun Formation are reclassified, the formation epochs of the intrusions are classified into Late Triassic and Early Permian, and the evolutionary sequence of magmatic rocks is established. The gold metallogenesis in this Map-sheet is closely related to Permian strata, and most deposits (ore occurrences) occurred in clastic rocks of the Shilidun Formation with relatively developed fissures. The database of the 1∶50 000 mineral geological map (also referred to as the Database) includes the data of seven stratigraphic units and two stages of magmatic rocks, and covers 212 polished thin sections, 192 chemical samples, 486 bedrock spectra, 2793 soil samples, two samples for Ar/Ar dating, eight samples for fluid inclusion thermometry, and 15 samples for petrochemical analysis. Meanwhile, three gold ore bodies and one gold mineralized point were newly discovered in the study area, with estimated (334) gold of 5.32 tonnes. Having a data size of about 17.4 MB, the Database fully reflects the demonstration results of 1∶50 000 mineral geological surveys, and could provide references for mineral resource research and energy exploration in this Map-sheet area.

Abstract:The dataset of 1∶50 000 mineral resource potential assessment of the gold-antimony deposit integrated exploration area in Yawan-Daqiao Area, Gansu Province (also referred to as the Dataset) includes comprehensive suite-structure maps, metallogenic factor maps, predictive factor maps, prediction result maps, among others. During the development of the Dataset, the suites and structures in the integrated exploration area were collated using the latest data. Meanwhile, focusing on gold and antimony deposits, the Daqiao gold deposit, Pingding gold deposit, and Yawan antimony deposit in the integrated exploration area were studied based on the “trinity” prospecting prediction theory of exploration areas that integrates metallogenic geological bodies, metallogenic structures, metallogenic structural planes, and metallogenic characteristics and indicators. As a result, the genetic types and predication types were classified, the regional metallogenic regularity was summarized, and the regional predication models were established. Furthermore, 42 predicted minimum prospecting target areas were delineated, with predicted gold and antimony resources of 560 774.59 kg and 737 241.43 tonnes, respectively. The development of the Dataset provides a demonstration of 1∶50 000 mineral resource potential assessment of integrated exploration areas. Meanwhile, relevant research ideas, working methods and processes, expected results, and result presentence were summarized and explored. Therefore, this Dataset will provide certain references for similar potential assessment.

Abstract:The 1∶50 000 mineral geological map database of the Panxin Map-sheet (H49E024005) of the Songtao manganese deposit in Tongren, Guizhou represents one of the achievements of the new round of 1∶50 000 mineral geological survey work series in accordance with the Technical Requirements for Mineral Geological Survey (1∶50 000) (DD2019-02) initiated by the China Geological Survey (CGS). The work reviews the lithostratigraphic sequence of the Panxin Map-sheet surveying area, determines 39 mapping units, identified eight formation types, and emphatically divides five genetically interrelated manganese-bearing formation mapping units. The database is built in MapGIS format. It mainly includes geographic layers, formation-structure layers, mineral deposit layers, and finishing layers, covering 150 pieces of rock geochemical analysis data, 333 pieces of general rock and ore analysis data, 90 pieces of zircon U–Pb age data, 6 pieces of mineral deposit information, and two deposit types. The database highlights ore-bearing formation, ore-controlling structure and mineralization alteration information, providing base data for manganese-related resource research, energy exploration, and mineral resource planning.

Abstract:The database of 1∶50 000 mineral geological map of Hongshi Map-sheet (K46E009008) in Kalatage Copper (-Zinc) Deposit, Hami, Xinjiang (also referred to as the Database) was developed through field geology-specific mapping using the digital mapping system in accordance with the Technical Requirements of Solid Mineral Geological Survey (1∶50 000) (DD2019-02) and other standards and requirements in the geological industry. Meanwhile, the results of previous 1∶200 000 and 1∶50 000 regional geological surveys were fully utilized, and indoor and outdoor mapping/compilation was also carried out during database building. In this database, the suites of the Daliugou Formation of Middle-Upper Ordovician Huangcaopo Group as well as Lower Silurian Hongliuxia and Kalatage formations were reclassified. Moreover, the formation time of intrusive rocks in the map-sheet area was determined as Silurian, Devonian, and Permian, and the evolutionary sequence of magmatic rocks was established. There are eight large, medium and small mineral deposits and ore occurrences in the map-sheet area, the metallogenic epoch of which is concentrated in the Silurian and Carboniferous. The ore-hosted wall rocks are pyroclastic and subvolcanic rocks. The dominant mineral resources in this area are copper, zinc and gold, and their deposit types are mainly VMS type and subvolcanic hydrothermal vein type, which are distributed in the southeastern zone of the map-sheet area. In addition to metallic minerals, there are bentonite deposits with good prospecting potential. With a data size of about 15.1 MB, this database contains the data of five stratigraphic units and three stages of magmatic rocks. These data fully reflect the demonstration results of 1∶50 000 mineral geological survey of this map-sheet and provide references for the research and exploration of mineral resources in the survey area.

Abstract:The Zhaochuan Map-sheet (K50E020006) area is located in the eastern part of Zhangjiakou–Xuanhua region of Hebei province and the middle section of the northern margin of the North China craton. It is one of the important gold fields in China. The 1∶50 000 mineral geological map database of the Zhaochuan Map-sheet was compiled in accordance with the Technical Requirements of Solid Mineral Geological Survey (1∶50 000) (DD 2019−02) and other applicable industrial standards. The survey work involves specific geological mapping covering an area of 379.93 km², measured geological routes totaling approximately 315 km in length, ore spot checks and anomaly checks at about 15 points, three groups of U–Pb ages (390–370 Ma, 234 Ma and 140–120 Ma), and six groups of whole-rock analytical data. Through comprehensively analysing field measurement data of geological points, geological routes and geological boundaries, and previous regional geological survey records, the boundaries of geological units were redelineated, and the corresponding feature layers were established. Meanwile, the Meso–Neoarchean, Mesoproterozoic and Mesozoic strata in the Zhaochuan Map-sheet were redivided, the Archean to Mesozoic magmatic rocks were generalized, the spatio-temporal evolution sequence of the magmatic rocks and metallogenesis was determined, and a “three-in-one” ore prospecting prediction geological model and an integrated geological, geochemical, geophysical and remote-sensing ore prospecting prediction model were then established. The database has a high reference value for the deployment of mineral exploration activities in the area, and could also provide service for the local natural resource departments in the field of the land space planning and ecological civilization.