中国地热资源及其潜力评估
The assessment of geothermal resources potential of China
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摘要: 提要：笔者在阐述中国地热资源特征的基础上，针对中国不同类型的地热资源，采用不同的计算方法对浅层地热能、水热型地热资源和干热岩地热资源进行了潜力评估。结果表明，中国287个地级以上重点城市浅层地热能为2.78×1020 J，每年浅层地热能可利用资源量为2.89×1012 kWh；中国主要平原（盆地）沉积盆地地热资源储量为2.5×1022 J，可开采资源量为7.5×1021 J；中国温泉区放热量共计1.32×1017 J，可采资源为6.6×1017 J／年；中国大陆3.0~5.0 km深处干热岩资源总计为2.5×1025 J，是中国目前年度能源消耗总量的2.6×105倍。Abstract: Abstract：Based on expounding the characteristics of geothermal resources in China and taking into account the existence of different types of geothermal resources in China, the authors adopted different calculation methods to conduct the potential assessment of shallow geothermal resources, conductive geothermal resources, convective geothermal resources and hot dry rock resources. The results show that the shallow geothermal resources of key cities are 2.78×1020 J with the annual approved yield being 2.89×1012 kWh, the conductive geothermal resources of main planes (basins) reach 2.5×1022 J with the approved yield being 7.5×1021 J, the discharge energy of hot springs is 1.32×1017 J in total with the annual approved yield being 6.6×1017 J, and the hot dry rock resources of China in the depth 3.0-5.0 km come to 2.5×1025 J in total, and this amount is 2.6×105 times that the annual total consumption of energy resources at present.
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