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    扬子地块西缘新元古代泸沽A型花岗岩成因与变泥质岩熔融

    Genesis and geological implications of the Neoproterozoic A-type granite from the Lugu area, western Yangtze block

    • 摘要: 前人对扬子地块西缘新元古代I型和S型花岗岩开展了深入的研究工作,但有关A型花岗岩的研究则鲜有报道,其岩石成因及大地构造意义仍存较大争议。文章选择最新发现的泸沽A型花岗岩体为研究对象,开展系统的LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb年代学、岩石学和地球化学研究,探讨其成因机制和地质意义。泸沽花岗岩由钾长花岗岩和二长花岗岩组成,LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb年代学分析显示其结晶年龄分别为(806±5)Ma和(815±5)Ma,属新元古代岩浆活动产物。岩石具有高硅(SiO2=71.2%~76.1%)、高碱(K2O+Na2O=6.73%~8.95%)、高K2O/Na2O比值(1.89~3.60)和强过铝质(A/CNK=1.07~1.49)的特征。FeOT/(FeOT+MgO)-SiO2和(Na2O+K2O)-CaO-SiO2图解均指示泸沽花岗岩为铁质碱钙性A型花岗岩。泸沽花岗岩具有较高的稀土元素含量(∑REE=221×10-6~387×10-6),具有轻稀土富集而重稀土亏损的特征((La/Yb)N=3.42~9.69),具有明显Eu的负异常(δEu=0.10~0.34)。泸沽花岗岩具有较高的Zr、Nb、Ce和Y含量,具有较高的Ga/Al、Y/Nb、Yb/Ta和Ce/Nb比值,显示出典型的A2型花岗岩特征。综合元素地球化学及区域地质资料,文章提出泸沽新元古代铝质A2型花岗岩起源于新元古代早期俯冲造山过程中的变泥质岩熔融。

       

      Abstract: Previous studies have deeply examined the Neoproterozoic I-type and S-type granites on the western margin of the Yangtze Plate, whereas very insufficient attention has been paid to A-type granites, and hence their petrogenetic nature and tectonic implications are still controversial. In this paper, the authors report the results of a detailed study of the newly discovered Lugu Atype granites in the Yangtze Plate, using LA-ICP-MS zircon U-Pb geochronology, petrology, and whole-rock geochemistry, with emphasis placed on the petrogenesis and tectonic setting of the A-type granites. The Lugu granitoid consists of alkali feldspar granite and monzonitic granite that yielded zircon U-Pb ages of (806±5) Ma and (815±5) Ma by LA-ICP-MS, respectively. The Lugu granitoid is deduced as the Neoproterozoic magmatic product. The Lugu granitoid is characterized by high SiO2 (71.2%-76.1%), high total alkali values (K2O + Na2O values from 6.73% to 8.95%), high K2O/Na2O ratios (1.89-3.60) and peraluminous features (A/CNK=1.07-1.49). BothFeOT/(FeOT+MgO) versus SiO2 and(Na2O+K2O)-CaO versus SiO2 plots indicate ferroan and alkali-calcic signatures typical of A-type granitoids. The content of rare earth elements of alkali feldspar granite and monzonitic granite is high (∑REE=221×10-6-387×10-6), and both rocks show enrichment of LREE rather than HREE with a right-inclined REE patterns for (La/Yb)N ratios from 3.42 to 9.69. Both type rocks have obvious negative Eu anomaly (δEu=0.10-0.34). Meanwhile, the Lugu granitoid has relative high content of Zr, Nb, Ce and Y with high ratios of Ga/Al, Y/Nb, Yb/Ta and Ce/Nb, showing that it is a typical A2-type granite. Combined with the data on geochemistry and regional geology, the authors hold that the Lugu Neoproterozoic A2-type granite was derived from the partial melting of pelitic rock in early Neoproterozoic subduction orogeny.

       

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