Typomorphic characteristics of pyrites in the Pangjiahe gold deposit, Shaanxi Province and indication for deep ore prospecting
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摘要:研究目的
黄铁矿是庞家河金矿床最常见的金属矿物，也是最主要的载金矿物，其标型特征蕴藏着丰富的地质信息。
研究方法本文选取矿区东段新发现的Ⅳ-2号矿体黄铁矿的形态标型、热电性标型和成分标型进行了系统分析。
研究结果研究发现该矿体黄铁矿晶体形态以立方体和五角十二面体为主，具有高砷、亏铁和硫的特点，Fe/(S+As)含量平均值为0.860，Co/Ni比值主要集中在1~10。
结论统计分析显示该矿床形成于浅成中低温环境中，成矿流体有明显的变质属性；黄铁矿热电性及形态的垂向变化规律，均表明深部找矿仍有一定的潜力，且初步计算表明至标高861 m向下矿体仍有186 m的延伸。
创新点：（1）利用黄铁矿的环带结构、形态变化和热电性变化特征可以鉴别出成矿作用具有多期多阶段叠加的特点；（2）金矿床中黄铁矿的晶体形态和热电性在空间上分布具有一定的分带规律，可以有效的指示矿体的贫富及成矿潜力。
Abstract:This paper is the result of mineral exploration engineering.
ObjectivePyrite is the most common metal mineral of the Pangjiahe gold deposit, and it is also the most important gold-bearing mineral. Its typomorphic characteristics contain abundant geological information.
MethodsThis paper conducts systematic analysis and research by selecting the morphological typomorphic characteristic, pyroelectric typomorphic characteristics and compositional typomorphic characteristic of pyrite, which is newly discovered in IV- 2 ore body in the eastern part of the deposit.
ResultsIt is found that crystal morphology of pyrite is mainly cubic and pentagonal dodecahedron, characterized by high arsenic, iron deficiency and sulfur. The average value of Fe/(S+As) is 0.860, and the ratio of Co/Ni is mainly concentrated between 1 and 10.
ConclusionsThe calculation shows that the deposit is formed in a shallow depth, medium-low temperature environment, and the ore-forming fluid has obvious metamorphic properties. The vertical variation of pyroelectricity and morphology of pyrite indicates that there is still potential for deep ore prospecting, and preliminary calculations indicate that there is still an extension of 186 m downward ore at elevation of 861 m.
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Keywords:
- gold deposit /
- pyrite /
- typomorphic characteristics /
- deep prospecting /
- mineral exploration engineering /
- Pangjiahe /
- Shaanxi
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致谢: 非常感谢中国地质大学（武汉）资源学院李昊熹在实验测试和数据整理方面给予的帮助，也非常感谢评审专家及编辑部提出的宝贵意见。
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图 1 矿区在秦岭造山带中的位置图（a）、矿区地质简图❶（b）
1—第四系；2—大草滩组a岩段；3—大草滩组b岩段；4—罗汉寺岩组；5—丹凤岩群；6—花岗斑岩脉；7—辉绿岩脉；8—石英闪长岩株；9—金矿体；10—区域断裂；11—次级断裂；12—地质界线；13—勘探线及编号；14—钻孔及编号；15—水系
Figure 1. Lacation of ore district in the Qinling orogenic belt(a), simplified geological map of ore district❶(b)
1-Quaternary; 2-a lithologic member of Dacaotan Formation; 3-b lithologic member of Dacaotan Formation; 4-Luohansi Formation; 5-Danfeng Group; 6-Granite-porphyry vein; 7-Diabase vein; 8-Quartz-diorite stock; 9-Gold ore body; 10-Regional fault; 11-Secondary fault; 12-Geological boundary; 13-Number of exploration line; 14-Drill hole and number; 15-Rivers
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图 2 庞家河金矿18号勘探线剖面图
1—第四系；2—变质砂岩；3—千枚岩；4—金矿体；5—矿化体；6—花岗斑岩脉；7—片理化带；8—坑道；9—钻孔；10—采样点
Figure 2. Profile of No.18 exploration line in the Pangjiahe gold deposit
1-Quaternary; 2-Metasandstone; 3-Phyllite; 4-Gold ore body; 5-Mineralized boby; 6-Granite-porphyry dyke; 7-Foliation zone; 8-Tunnel; 9-Drill hole; 10-Sampling location
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图 3 庞家河金矿矿石结构构造图
Py—黄铁矿；Apy—毒砂；Ccp—黄铜矿；Gn—方铅矿；Cc—方解石；Au—金
Figure 3. Ore textures and structure maps of the Pangjiahe gold deposit
Py-Pyrite; Apy-Arsenopyrite; Ccp-Chalcopyrite; Gn-Galena; Cc-Calcite; Au-Gold
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图 4 黄铁矿形态标型特征
a—立方体黄铁矿；b—五角十二面体黄铁矿；c—立方体与五角十二面体连晶黄铁矿；d—五角十二面平行连晶黄铁矿；e—五角十二面体黄铁矿晶面上生长子晶；f—五角十二面体双晶黄铁矿
Figure 4. Morphological typomorphic characteristics of pyrite
a-Cubic pyrite; b-Pentagonal dodecahedral pyrite; c-Cube and pentagonal dodecahedral pyrite; d-Pentagonal twelve-sided parallel crystallized pyrite; e-Growth of crystal grains on the face of pentagonal dodecahedral pyrite; f-Pentagonal dodecahedral double crystal pyrite
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图 5 不同类型黄铁矿Co、Ni含量散点图（a），Au-As关系图解、金饱和曲线（b）（据Reich et al., 2005）
Figure 5. Scatter plot of Co and Ni content of different types of pyrite (a); Au-As relationship diagram, gold saturation curve (b) (after Reich et al., 2005)
表 1 庞家河金矿Ⅳ-2号矿体黄铁矿形态特征统计
Table 1 Morphological features of pyrite of Ⅳ-2 in the Pangjiahe gold deposit
下载: 导出CSV
表 2 庞家河金矿Ⅳ-2号矿体黄铁矿热电性特征
Table 2 Thermoelectric properties of pyrites of Ⅳ-2 in the Pangjiahe gold deposit
下载: 导出CSV
表 3 庞家河金矿Ⅳ-2号矿体不同结构特征黄铁矿电子探针分析结果（%）
Table 3 The analysis of EPMA of different structural pyrites of Ⅳ-2 in the Pangjiahe gold deposit(%)
下载: 导出CSV
表 4 庞家河金矿床Ⅳ-2号矿体不同标高黄铁矿结晶温度计算结果
Table 4 Calculated crystallization temperature of pyrite in different depths of Ⅳ-2 in the Pangjiahe gold deposit
下载: 导出CSV
表 5 庞家河金矿床Ⅳ-2号矿体不同标高黄铁矿热电性参数特征
Table 5 Thermoelectric parameters of various levels of Ⅳ-2 in the Pangjiahe gold deposit
下载: 导出CSV
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