This paper is the result of mineral exploration engineering.

Objective Mineral resources are an important support for economic and social development, and their carrying capacity is the fundamental basis for determining the regional economic structure and development model. It is of great significance to carry out the evaluation of the carrying capacity of regional mineral resources to promote the sustainable development and utilization of regional mineral resources.

Methods In this paper, the coal mine resources of Weixin County of Yunnan Province are taken as the research object, and the evaluation index system is constructed by two evaluation factors of carrying background (proportion of resources available, PRO) and carrying state (mining development index, MDI). On this basis, the carrying capacity of coal mine resources in Weixin County is evaluated, and the rationality of the evaluation system of mineral resources and the weight distribution of each sub index is discussed with Weixin County as the evaluation pilot.

Results Among the ten townships in Weixin County, there are no townships with "large" coal mine resources carrying capacity, only two with "relative large" carrying capacity, two with "medium" carrying capacity, and six with "small" carrying capacity.

Conclusions In the evaluation system of bearing capacity of mineral resources, both positive and negative indicators should be considered equally, accounting for about 50% respectively. In addition, the distribution of the weight of each sub indicator should also closely correspond with the economic, social and environmental policies of the region at that time.