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    川东丘陵区地下水化学组分源解析及健康风险评价

    Source analysis of groundwater chemical components and health risk assessment in the eastern Sichuan hilly region

      摘要
    • 摘要:
      研究目的 为了解广安地区浅层地下水水质状况，识别主要污染物来源及可能的健康风险，提高水资源管理水平和保障居民用水安全。
      研究方法 本文以广安地区广泛开采利用的浅层地下水为研究对象，通过实地调查和访问，利用采集的74组浅层地下水分析结果，综合运用水化学分析、离子比及正定矩阵分因子分解（PMF）模型等方法对地下水化学组分进行源解析，最后结合健康风险评价模型（HRA）利用蒙特卡洛模拟（MCS）对研究区内成人及儿童存在的潜在健康风险进行评价。
      研究结果 结果表明：PMF模型识别出高地质背景值（F1）、溶滤作用(F2)、阳离子交换与氧化还原(F3)、人为污染（F4）四大主控制因子，区域地下水以硝酸根、氟离子、锰离子等为主要超标物，四大因子对地下水水质的平均贡献大小顺序：F2>F3>F1>F4；健康风险评价模型结果显示研究区内单一污染物的超标对成人与儿童的健康风险较低，主要超标物风险大小顺序为NO3−＞F−＞Mn，但总非致癌风险均值较高，儿童总非致癌风险大约为成人的1.49倍。因子2和因子3是人类健康风险的主要来源。
      结论 本研究结果可为地区地下水质量管理及开发利用提供参考，建议对主要超标物做重点监测，防范地下水饮水安全。

       

      Abstract:
      This paper is the result of hydrogeological survey engineering.
      Objective In order to understand the water quality of shallow groundwater in Guangan area, identify the main sources of pollutants and possible health risks, improve the level of water resources management and ensure water safety for residents.
      Methods This paper takes the shallow groundwater widely exploited and utilized in Guang 'an area as the research object. Through field investigation and interview, 74 groups of shallow groundwater analysis results are collected, and hydrochemical analysis, ion ratio and positive definite matrix subfactorization (PMF) model are comprehensively applied to the source analysis of groundwater chemical components. Finally, based on the health risk assessment model (HRA), Monte Carlo simulation (MCS) was used to evaluate the potential health risks existing among adults and children in the study area.
      Results The results show that the PMF model identified four main controlling factors: high geological background value (F1), dissolution effect (F2), cation exchange and redox reaction (F3), and anthropogenic pollution (F4). The major exceedance substances in the regional groundwater are nitrate ions, fluoride ions, manganese ions, etc. The average contribution of these four factors to the groundwater quality is in the following order: F2 > F3 > F1 > F4; The results of the health risk assessment model showed that the health risk of a single pollutant exceeding the standard in the study area was low for adults and children, and the risk order of the main exceedant was NO3− > F− > Mn, but the mean value of the total non-carcinogenic risk was high, and the total non-carcinogenic risk of children was about 1.49 times that of adults. Factor 2 and factor 3 are major sources of human health risk.
      Conclusion The results of this study can provide reference for regional groundwater quality management, development and utilization, and suggest that the main substances exceeding the standard should be monitored to prevent the safety of groundwater drinking water.

       

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