Abstract: Research Objective Graphite is a non-metallic mineral and one of the strategic minerals. It has the characteristics of high temperature resistance, corrosion resistance, radiation resistance, thermal shock resistance, high strength, good toughness, and good electrical and thermal conductivity. Graphite can be applied in heat insulation materials, radiation protection materials, heat dissipation materials, and is widely used in military fields, aerospace, electronics industry, metallurgy, and mechanical fields. Research Method This paper studies the distribution of China's graphite mineral resources, the characteristics of graphite deposits, and the key applications of graphite by collecting, organizing, and summarizing the research data of predecessors. Research Results China has large reserves of graphite mineral resources, which are widely distributed, with more in the east and less in the west. Graphite deposits are mainly distributed in more than 20 provinces such as Heilongjiang, Inner Mongolia, Shandong, Shanxi, Hubei, and Hunan. The reserves of graphite in Heilongjiang, Inner Mongolia, and Shandong account for 80% of the national total. China's graphite resource reserves are about 50 million tons, accounting for about 22% of the world's total, making it a major supplier of graphite in the world. China's graphite deposits can be divided into regional metamorphic type, contact metamorphic type, and magmatic hydrothermal type. Conclusion Based on a comprehensive review of previous research, it is believed that regional metamorphic deposits are closely associated with medium-to-deep metamorphic rock series such as gneiss and leptynite, and are mainly distributed in areas including Heilongjiang, Inner Mongolia, and Shandong; contact metamorphic deposits are closely related to coal-bearing strata and intermediate-acid magmatic rocks, with primary distributions along the active continental margins in eastern China, such as Jilin and Hunan provinces; the representative lithofacies of magmatic hydrothermal deposits is alkaline granite, and these deposits are mainly found in Huangyang Mountain of Xinjiang and the area spanning Tibet and Xinjiang.