This paper is the result of mineral exploration engineering.

Objective The Ordos Basin is a key enrichment area for multiple energy resources in China, featuring "coexistence in a single basin and vertical superimposition" with orderly spatial distribution. With the intensification of large-scale, high-intensity resource exploitation, the conflict with the region’s fragile ecological environment has become increasingly prominent. Thus, based on systematic science and from the perspective of dynamic basin evolution, revealing the metallogenic (hydrocarbon accumulation) laws and spatial allocation of multiple energy resources, and constructing geological guarantee paths for loss reduction during exploitation are crucial to realizing coordinated energy development and synergistic ecological protection in the basin.

Methods Relevant data and literature on basin evolution, resources, and mineral occurrence were systematically collected, summarized, and analyzed. The metallogenic (hydrocarbon accumulation) stages were divided, and geological guarantee ideas for coordinated exploitation of multiple energy resources were proposed.

Results The basin has experienced multi-stage tectonic evolution, forming a resource framework with coexisting coal, oil, natural gas, uranium, helium, geothermal energy, bauxite, and rock salt. The metallogenic (hydrocarbon accumulation) process is closely linked to basin evolution, divided into Precambrian metamorphic-magmatic, Early Paleozoic sedimentary diagenetic (metallogenic), Late Paleozoic sedimentary metallogenic (organic energy), Mesozoic multi-energy symbiosis, and Cenozoic adjustment-repositioning stages. These stages have shaped a vertical superimposed energy structure centered on four major strata: Ordovician, Carboniferous-Permian (C-P), Triassic-Jurassic (T-J), and Cretaceous. Energy resources show distinct temporal-spatial regularity and three-dimensional superimposition, with C-P and T-J strata as key enrichment horizons. To achieve safe, green, and coordinated exploitation, it is urgent to construct a "temporal-spatial coordinated exploitation of multiple resources" theoretical framework and planning method (centered on basin evolution and resource distribution) and establish a resilient loss reduction geological guarantee system with multi-sphere coupling response.

Conclusions This study provides a scientific basis for comprehensive energy development and ecological protection in the Ordos Basin, and has important guiding significance for safeguarding national energy security.