Abstract:
This paper is the result of ecological geological survey engineering.
Objective Heavy metals and pesticides are typical environmental pollutants. To address the joint toxic effects of heavy metal-pesticide pollution to the ecosystem, this paper provides theoretical support for the development of plant and soil collaborative remediation technologies for such combined pollution.
Methods This paper conducts a comprehensive investigation into the toxic effects of heavy metals and pesticides on the three key components of the ecosystem (soil, plants, and humans) based on a large number of previous literatures.
Results Based on domestic and international research results, heavy metals mainly affect the essential microbial communities and their activities in the soil, as well as the pH value and adsorption capacity of the soil. This leads to DNA damage of plant, a decrease in chlorophyll content, inhibition of seed germination, reduction of photosynthesis, and even plant death. Pesticides can reduce the enzymes activity of soil and inhibit the microbial community in soil. At the same time, plants may show chlorosis, necrosis, distorted leaves and inhibition of photosynthesis due to oxidative stress effect. The coexistence of heavy metals and pesticides may result in synergistic toxic effects or antagonistic toxic effects.
Conclusions A large amount of research has been conducted on the toxic effects of heavy metals and pesticides on soil and plants, while research on their combined pollution is relatively limited. In the future, it is necessary to systematically study the interactions between heavy metals and pesticides and their joint toxicity. It is recommended to further investigate new methods for the remediation of heavy metals and pesticides.
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