黄河三角洲滨海湿地演化过程中的碳埋藏效率及其控制因素

丁喜桂; 王吉松; 赵广明; 袁红明; 王锦; 叶思源

黄河三角洲滨海湿地演化过程中的碳埋藏效率及其控制因素

丁喜桂^1,2,
王吉松³,
赵广明^1,2,
袁红明^1,2,
王锦^1,2,
叶思源^1,2,

1. 中国地质调查局滨海湿地生物地质重点实验室, 山东青岛 266071;
2. 青岛海洋地质研究所, 山东青岛 266071;
3. 青岛地矿岩土工程有限公司, 山东青岛 266071

基金项目:

国土资源部公益性行业科研专项基金(201111023)

中国地质调查局地质大调查项目(1212010611402

12120115053901)

海洋地质保障工程项目(GZH201200503)

国家自然科学基金项目(41240022)

科技部支撑项目(2012BAC07B01)联合资助。

详细信息

作者简介:
丁喜桂,1979年生,女,高级工程师,海洋环境地质专业,主要从事海岸带环境地质研究;E-mail:xigui_ding@126.com。

通讯作者:
叶思源,1963年生,女,研究员,生物地球化学专业,主要从事环境地球化学研究

中图分类号: P343.5
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出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2014-11-26
- 修回日期: 2015-02-05
- 网络出版日期: 2023-09-25
- 刊出日期: 2016-02-24

Accretion rate and controlling factors of carbon and nutrients during coastal wetland evolution in Yellow River Delta

1. Key Laboratory of Coastal Wetland Biogeosciences, China Geological Survey, Qingdao 266071, Shandong, China;
2. Qingdao Institute of Marine Geology, Qingdao 266071, Shandong, China;
3. Qingdao Geological and Mineral Geotechnical Engineering Co., Ltd., Qingdao 266071, Shandong, China

Funds:

Supported by Public Welfare Industry Scientific Research Projects of Ministry of Land and Resources (No. 201111023), China Geological Survey Program (No. 1212010611402, 12120115053901), Marine Geological Protection Project (No. GZH201200503), National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 41240022), Projects in the National Science & Technology Pillar (No. 2012BAC07B01).

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摘要

摘要: 2007年在黄河三角洲布设了一口浅钻ZK4,孔深28.3 m,对获取的岩心样品进行了详细的沉积学观测及含水量、有机碳、总碳和营养成分的实验室分析测试。通过ZK4孔的地层分析,将其划分为7种沉积环境,揭示了滨海湿地地质演化过程。并利用AMS¹⁴C测年方法,结合黄河改道的历史记录,运用历史地理学和沉积地质学综合分析的方法对黄河三角洲沉积环境进行了年代划分,并计算了黄河三角洲不同沉积环境沉积物的沉积速率和碳的加积速率。结果表明:总碳和有机碳与除硫和磷元素以外的各营养成分都呈良好的线性相关;碳、氮、磷的加积速率与沉积物的沉积速率呈极显著正相关关系(R>0.89,p<0.01),沉积物的沉积速率是碳、氮、磷的加积速率的主控因素;虽然现代黄河三角洲沉积物有机碳浓度较低(<1%),但由于沉积物的高沉积速率,现代黄河三角洲沉积物有机碳的平均加积速率达到2878.23 g/(m²·a),远高于世界其他高有机碳浓度的湿地,因此是很好的碳汇地质体。
- 黄河三角洲 /
- 滨海湿地 /
- 有机碳 /
- 埋藏效率
Abstract: Core ZK4 with a shallow depth of 28.3 m was drilled in the Yellow River Delta in 2007. Samples from the core were used in the laboratory to make detailed sedimentological observations and perform analysis of water content, organic carbon (Corg), total carbon (TC), and nutrient compositions. According to the stratigraphic analyses of core ZK1, seven sedimentary environments were recognized, and the historical evolutions of coastal wetlands were revealed. Chronologies, sedimentation rates and carbon accretion rates of the environments were revealed from AMS¹⁴C dating method, historical records of the Yellow River diversions, and comprehensive analyses by means of historic geography and sedimentary geology. The results show that total carbons, organic carbons and nutrients (except for element S) are all in good linear correlations, the accretion rates of Corg, TC, N and P have very significantly positive correlations with sedimentation rates shown as R>0.89, p<0.01, and the sedimentation rates are the main factor controlling accretion rates of Corg, TC, N and P. Although Corg concentrations are low (<1%) in the modern Yellow River Delta sediments, the high sedimentation rates have made the average accretion rate of Corg in the sediments come up to 2878.23 g/(m²·a), much higher than the values in other high-Corg wetlands in the world, and thus the modern Yellow River Delta can be considered to be a very good carbon sink due to its high sedimentation rate.
- coastal wetland /
- organic carbon /
- accretion rate /
- Yellow River Delta

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图 1 ZK4钻孔位置图

Figure 1. Location of drill hole ZK4

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 2 黄河三角洲 ZK4孔沉积环境及形成年代（图中及文中所用的 ¹⁴C年龄为Calib501软件校正后的日历年龄）

Figure 2. Depositional environment and age of sediment core ZK1 from Yellow River Delta

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 3 C、 N及 P、 S含量垂向分布图

Figure 3. Vertical distribution map of C, N, P, S concentrations

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

表 1 黄河三角洲ZK4孔岩心沉积物特征

Table 1 Element characteristics of the sediments core ZK4 from Yellow River Delta

参数	Cu	N	Mn	P	S	Zn	Al	Fe	Mg	Ca	Na	K	TC	Corg	pH
参数	μg/g					mg/g									pH
最大值	40.23	931	965.5	697	1648	99.7	272	97.5	56.5	177	38.9	34.5	22.9	8.904	8.8
最小值	7.69	70	284.4	267	145	22	166	24.9	16.3	51.7	18.76	22.8	6.2	0.577	7.92
平均值	23.34	353.35	583.1	560.6	536.5	60.8	222	59.45	39	96.2	28.20	28.36	14.76	3.99	8.45
标准偏差	9.19	198.38	196.8	119.7	346.6	21.3	29.95	19.12	10.2	24.25	5.42	2.99	4.33	1.83	0.195
变异系数	0.394	0.561	0.337	0.214	0.646	0.35	0.135	0.322	0.261	0.252	0.192	0.105	0.293	0.459	0.023

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表 2 沉积物碳、 Al及营养成分浓度的相关系数

Table 2 Correlations between carbons, Al and nutrients of the sediments

	Cu	N	Mn	P	S	Zn	Al	Te	Mg	Ca	Na K	TC	Corg
Cu 1	0.685**	0.876**	0.560**	0.116	0.942**	0.869**	0.905**	0.880**	0.690**	-0.839**	0.753**	0.764**	0.560**
N	1	0.711**	0.606**	0.573**	0.772**	0.756**	0.769**	0.799**	0.476**	-0.554**	0.721**	0.772**	0.769**
Mn		1	0.539**	0.089	0.949**	0.926**	0.967**	0.929**	0.842**	-0.925**	0.821**	0.908**	0.583**
P			1	0.366*	0.668**	0.635**	0.652**	0.727**	0.261	-0.329*	0.373*	0.495**	0.671**
S				1	0.203	0.300*	0.208	0.291*	-0.002	0.029	0.340*	0.219	0.468**
Zn					1	0.959**	0.989**	0.976**	0.717**	-0.864**	0.833**	0.852**	0.673**
Al						1	0.973**	0.964**	0.688**	-0.843**	0.893**	0.820**	0.648**
Te							1	0.980**	0.754**	-0.884**	0.850**	0.875**	0.661**
Mg								1	0.727**	-0.816**	0.794**	0.874**	0.705**
Ca									1	-0.856**	0.564**	0.874**	0.350*
Na										1	-0.775**	-0.837**	-0.414**
K											1	0.688**	0.597**
TC												1	0.582**
Corg													1
注： *表示在 0.01 水平（双侧）上显著相关；表示在 0.05 水平（双侧）上显著相关。

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表 4 加积速率与其他参数的相关性分析

Table 4 Correlations between carbon accretion rate， sediment accretion rate， BD， TC and Corg of the sediments

	沉积速率	原位密度	TC含量	Corg含量	N含量	P含量	TC加积速率	Corg加积率	N加积速率	P加积速率
沉积速率	1	-0.111	0.256	-0.714	-0.358	-0.421	0.959**	0.970**	0.896*	0.998**
原位密度		1	-0.929**	-0.484	-0.751	-0.466	-0.367	-0.332	-0.508	-0.170
TC含量			1	0.349	0.681	0.345	0.505	0.473	0.637	0.315
Corg含量				1	0.899*	0.402	-0.524	-0.553	-0.385	-0.676
N含量					1	0.283	-0.106	-0.141	0.054	-0.304
P含量						1	-0.328	-0.345	-0.261	-0.402
TC加积速率							1	0.999**	0.985**	0.975**
Corg加积速率								1	0.977**	0.983**
N加积速率									1	0.922**
P加积速率										1
注： *表示在 0.01 水平（双侧）上显著相关；表示在 0.05 水平（双侧）上显著相关。

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表 3 黄河三角洲不同沉积环境垂向沉积速率与 C的加积速率计算

Table 3 Vertical sediment rate and accretion rate of carbon of different sediment environments in Yellow River Delta

沉积层位	沉积速率/(cm/a)	原位密度/(g/cm3)	TC含量/(mg/g)	Corg含量/(mg/g)	N含量/(mg/g)	P含量/(mg/g)	TC加积速率/(g/(m²·a))	Corg加积速率/(g/(m²·a))	N加积速率/(g/(m²·a))	P加积速率/(g/(m²·a))	沉积环境
U7	52.6	1.60	12.29	3.25	0.23	0.59	8603.96	2268.35	158.97	415.61	三角洲平原
U6	53.5	1.20	18.93	4.63	0.51	0.62	14261.16	3488.11	380.6	469.05	三角洲侧缘
U5	0.72	1.50	14.30	4.51	0.42	0.60	152.52	48.11	4.54	6.39	新陆架
U4	0.44	1.40	14.28	4.87	0.36	0.66	95.31	32.54	2.39	4.39	老三角洲
U3	0.045	1.35	14.3	5.13	0.45	0.66	9.90	3.55	0.31	0.46	老陆架
U2	0.58	1.46	14.35	5.52	0.52	0.60	129.53	49.82	4.68	5.45	潮坪

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