海南岛地下水资源状况及其环境地质问题
作者:
作者单位:

1.中国地质科学院岩溶地质研究所;2.中国地质调查局海口海洋地质调查中心

作者简介:

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中图分类号:

基金项目:

广西重点研发计划项目(2022AB33007)、中国地质调查局地质调查项目(DD20221758)、国家自然科学基金项目(41807218,41602277)


Groundwater resources and ecological environment problems in Hainan Island
Author:
Affiliation:

1.Institute of Karst Geology,Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences;2.Haikou Marine Geological Survey Center, China Geological Survey

Fund Project:

the project of Guangxi Key Research and Development (No. 2022AB33007), the project of China Geological Survey (No.DD20221758), the Fundamental Research Funds for Central Public Welfare Research Institutes,CAGS (No.2020020), National Natural Science Foundation of China (No.41807218, No.41602277)

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    摘要:

    【研究目的】海南作为我国最大的经济特区,既是自由贸易试验区,又是海上丝绸之路的战略支点,在“一带一路”国家战略中有着举足轻重的地位,掌握其地下水资源的开发利用以及生态环境状况有助于推动海南可持续发展。【研究方法】本文从海南岛的地下水动态特征、地下水资源数量与质量、开发利用现状、环境地质问题等方面,分析了海南岛地下水资源及饮水安全状况,探讨了海南岛存在的主要环境地质问题。【研究结果】海南岛多年平均地下水资源量约为132.05亿m3/a,其中海口市的地下水资源量最大(多年平均值为11.33亿m3/a),昌江县的最小;海南岛地下水水质以IV-V类水为主,整体水质较差,水质影响因子主要为pH、Al、Mn;岛内主要存在着区域性水位下降、海水入侵及土壤盐渍化、土地沙漠化、矿山地质环境问题等环境地质问题。针对地下水资源状况及环境地质问题,提出了开展水文地质与水资源调查监测,加强水资源节约集约利用,推进地下水生态环境保护等工作建议。【研究结论】海南岛地下水资源量较为丰富,但水质较差,环境地质问题突出,研究成果可支撑服务海南岛的水资源可持续利用、生态保护和经济社会高质量发展。

    Abstract:

    This paper is the result of the water resources and environmental geological survey engineering. [Objective] As the largest special economic zone in China, Hainan is not only the pilot free trade zone, but also the strategic fulcrum of the Maritime Silk Road, playing a pivotal role in the national strategy of "One Belt and One Road". To master the exploitation and utilization of groundwater resources and ecological environment is helpful to promote the sustainable development of Hainan. [Methods] This paper analyzed the situation of groundwater resources and drinking water safety in Hainan Island from the aspects of dynamic characteristics of groundwater, quantity and quality of groundwater resources, development and utilization of groundwater resources and environmental geologic problems, and probed into the main environmental geologic problems in Hainan Island. [Results] The average annual groundwater resources of Hainan Island is about 132.05 billion m3/a. Haikou city has the largest groundwater resources (the multi-year average is 11.33 billion m3/a), and Changjiang county has the smallest groundwater resources. The groundwater quality of Hainan Island was mainly classified as IV-V grade, and the overall water quality was poor. The main influencing factors of water quality were pH, Al and Mn. There were some environmental geologic problems in Hainan Island, such as regional water level decline, seawater intrusion and soil salinization, land desertification, mine geological environment problems. In view of the situation of groundwater resources and environmental geologic problems, some suggestions are put forward, such as carrying out hydrogeology and water resources investigation and monitoring, strengthening the economical and intensive utilization of water resources, and promoting the protection of groundwater ecological environment. [Conclusions] The groundwater resources in Hainan Island are relatively rich, but the water quality is poor, and the environmental geologic problems are prominent. The research results can support the sustainable utilization of water resources, ecological protection and high-quality economic and social development of Hainan Island.

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  • 收稿日期:2022-06-03
  • 最后修改日期:2022-07-19
  • 录用日期:2022-08-20
  • 在线发布日期: 2023-02-16
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