Development of geothermal energy industry in Türkiye and its enlightenment to China

This paper is the result of geothermal geological survey engineering.

Objective Geothermal energy, as a kind of clean and efficient renewable energy, is gradually attracting the attention of all countries under the dual drive of energy shortage and climate change. The development of geothermal resources has become an important way to accelerate the adjustment of energy structure and achieve the goal of "double carbon". In recent years, Türkiye's geothermal energy industry has developed at a high speed. By 2021, the total installed capacity of geothermal power generation will be about 30 times that of China, and the direct utilization of geothermal energy will increase from 1177 MW in 2005 to 4000 MW in 2022, making these remarkable achievements. Türkiye and China are both located in the Mediterranean Himalayan geotropics, where geothermal resources are abundant. The development of Türkiye's geothermal energy industry is of great significance to China.

Method This paper uses the method of literature review to analyze the conditions of geothermal resources in Türkiye, study the development status of geothermal energy industry, and summarize the reasons for its rapid development. Combined with the conditions and development status of China's geothermal resources, and drawing on Türkiye's experience, this paper analyzes the main problems affecting China's geothermal development, and puts forward countermeasures and suggestions.

Results The research shows that Türkiye's government has vigorously supported the development of geothermal energy industry since the 21st century. The reasons and main experiences of its rapid development include: (1) The government undertakes the preliminary exploration work, effectively reducing the development risk of enterprises; (2) Policy guidance and legislative subsidies can effectively improve the enthusiasm of development enterprises and reduce investment costs; (3) Financing support to provide financial guarantee for geothermal energy development; (4) International cooperation and technology guidance will effectively promote the efficient development and utilization of geothermal energy.

Conclusion Drawing on the rapid development experience of Türkiye's geothermal energy industry and combining with China's actural conditions, the following suggestions are put forward: (1) Improve geothermal energy management mechanism and define the process of geothermal development and utilization; (2) Effectively improve the enthusiasm of enterprises development and reduce investment costs through policy guidance and subsidies; (3) Realize efficient development of geothermal industry through reasonable spatial planning; (4) Strengthen international exchanges and help technological progress; (5) Improve social awareness of geothermal energy.