Hydrogeochemical characteristics of Gaoyang geothermal field in central Hebei Depression and its constraint on geothermal genesis

ZHAO Zirui; ZHANG Wei; WANG Guiling; XING Linxiao; ZHANG Hanxiong; ZHAO Jiayi

doi:10.12029/gc20230226002

GEOLOGY IN CHINA > 2025 > 52(1): 246-263. > DOI: 10.12029/gc20230226002

Zhao Zirui, Zhang Wei, Wang Guiling, Xing Linxiao, Zhang Hanxiong, Zhao Jiayi. 2025. Hydrogeochemical characteristics of Gaoyang geothermal field in central Hebei Depression and its constraint on geothermal genesis[J]. Geology in China, 52(1): 246−263. DOI: 10.12029/gc20230226002

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Hydrogeochemical characteristics of Gaoyang geothermal field in central Hebei Depression and its constraint on geothermal genesis

ZHAO Zirui^{1, 2,},
ZHANG Wei^{1, 2},
WANG Guiling^{1, 2, ,},
XING Linxiao^{1, 2, 3},
ZHANG Hanxiong^{1, 2},
ZHAO Jiayi^{1, 2}

1.
Institute of Hydrogeology and Environmental Geology, Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences, Shijiazhuang 050061, Hebei, China
2.
Technology Innovation Center for Geothermal & Hot Dry Rock Exploration and Development, Ministry of Natural Resources, Shijiazhuang 050061, Hebei, China
3.
Faculty of Environment, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430074, Hubei China

Funds: Supported by the projects of Basic Research Fees of Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences (No.SK202306) and China Geological Survey (No.DD20190555).

More Information

Author Bio:
ZHAO Zirui, male, born in 1996, Ph.D. candidate, mainly engaged in geothermal geology research; E-mail: 184239608@qq.com
Corresponding author:
WANG Guiling, male, born in 1964, researcher, mainly engaged in geothermal resources evaluation research; E-mail: guilingw@163.com.
Received Date: February 25, 2023
Revised Date: July 04, 2023
Available Online: January 05, 2025

Graphical Abstract

Abstract

Abstract

This paper is the result of geothermal exploration engineering.
Objective
Gaoyang geothermal field rich in low−medium temperature geothermal resources. Hydrogeochemical research of geothermal fluids is an effective method to understand the processes of deep geothermal water circulation and to reveal the genesis mechanism of geothermal systems.
Methods
Through analyzing hydrochemical and isotopic data of geothermal water samples in Gaoyang field, we can explore the formation and development process of deep geothermal water.
Results
The hydrochemical type of carbonate reservoirs is Cl–Na type, and that of sandstones reservoirs is HCO₃·Cl–Na and Cl·HCO₃–Na type. The ionic components in geothermal water are mainly controlled by the dissolution of salt rock and carbonate rock and the alternating adsorption of cations. Geothermal water is recharged from precipitation in the Taihang and Yanshan mountains, The recharge elevation of geothermal water is 759.12−1092.33 m. The geothermal reservoirs temperature of Jxw is 102−154℃, and the depth of thermal cycle is 2524−4020 m; the geothermal reservoirs temperature of Ng is 61−84℃, and the depth of thermal cycle is 1357−2024 m.
Conclusions
In Gaoyang geothermal field, the γNa⁺/γCl^– of samples from the Jxw reservoirs is smaller than that Ng reservoirs, and the γSO₄^2–/γCl^– and γCl^–/(γHCO₃^–+CO₃^2–) are larger than that of the Ng reservoirs. This indicates that Jxw reservoirs has a higher degree of metamorphism, better confinement, slower geothermal water circulation and higher degree of salinization than the Ng reservoirs. The heat from the deep thermal storage is partly transferred upward by thermal convection through hot water along the fault channels, and partly transferred upward by thermal conduction through rocks, forming a convection−conduction type geothermal system.
Highlights
(1) Through analysis of water chemistry characteristics, the formation and evolution of deep hot water in the Gaoyang geothermal field were explored. (2) Reservoirs’ temperatures for the Ng and Jxw reservoirs in the Gaoyang geothermal field were calculated by using multiple geothermometers. (3) The hydrothermal genetic model of Gaoyang geothermal field was summarized.

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References (78)

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