Black rock series, types of ore deposits and ore-forming systems in Qinling orogenic belt

Abstract：The black rock series of Qinling orogenic belt can be divided into three parts. The north part is located in north Qinling orogenic belt and is composed of island volcanic rocks, granite zones and Erlangping marginal basins belt, with the Qinling Complex rock as the basement. There exists the trench-arc-basin system similar to the active continental margin as well as some small-sized sedimentary-metamorphic-structural-hydrothermal-reformation type Ni-Mo deposits. The middle part lies in the northern segment of South Qinling Orogenic Belt，and the profundal to semi-profundal faulted depression basins occur in the paleo-uplift of the surrounding island chains, in which black rock series related to hydrothermal sedimentation are developed. Superlarge sedimentary-reformed V deposits and sedimentary-structural-hydrothermal-reformation type V-Au deposits have been observed. The south part of the black rock series is in southern South Qinling Orogenic Belt, where rift-type faulted depression basins occur in a local extension environment of Early Paleozoic sedimentary areas. Extensive thick siliceous-argillaceous-barite interbedded rocks exist together with medium-sized sedimentary-reformed Mo-V deposits and large-sized hydrothermal sedimentary witherite-barite deposits. This paper has also dealt with the features and mineralization of representative ore deposits hosted in the black series，distinguished ore genetic types and established the metallogenic series.