The western Qinling orogenic belt is located in the northeastern margin of the QinghaiTibet Plateau, and its lithosphere structure and changes record the deep process information of the plateau to the northeast. The western Qinling orogenic belt is also a prospect for resource development in China. Especially because of the shortage of global oil, China's petroleum geology has accelerated the exploration in new areas. The western Qinling orogenic belt and both its basins are listed as one of the most worthy of oil and gas exploration strategic constituencies. On the basis of field observation, important geological bodies along the deep seismic reflection profiles across the West Qinling Mountains and the Linxia basin in southern Qilian were sampled. Zircon U-Pb geology chronology, whole rock elements and isotope (Sr and Nd) composition of the test work resulted in a dataset containing three data tables, including the zircons LA-MC-ICP-MS of magmatic rocks from the western Qinling orogenic belt and the Linxia basin (a total of 7 test samples, 145 test points, the test accuracy of (2σ) are 2%), major and trace elements of investigated magmatic rocks (a total of 33 test samples, each sample with 69 test items, the content of more than 10×10^-6 elements with test accuracy of 5%, and less than 10×10^-6 element accuracy of 10%), and whole-rock Sr and Nd isotopic data for magmatic rocks(Sr±0.000010 (n=18) and Nd±0.000011 (n=18), respectively, in 27 test samples from the western Qinling orogenic belt and the Linxia basin). These data are used to determine the ages and geochemical properties of different magmatic rocks, in order to better explain the tectonic significance represented by the deep geological structure revealed by the seismic reflection profile.