During the 1∶50 000 stream sediment survey of Hunjiang City map-sheet, Jilin Province, a total of 1961 samples of stream sediments were collected, with the sample grain size ranging from –10 meshes to +80 meshes and average sampling density of 5.1 samples per km². Sixteen elements, namely Au, Ag, Cu, Pb, Zn, As, Sb, Bi, Hg, W, Sn, Mo, Cd, Co, Cr and Ni, were analyzed using the techniques of atomic emission spectrometry (AES), adsorption of foam plastic by graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrometry (GFAAS), atomic fluorescence spectroscopy (AFS), and inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS), forming the primary dataset of 1∶50 000 stream sediment survey of Hunjiang City map-sheet, Jilin Province (also referred to as the Dataset). The Dataset consists of one primary data table in Excel and a set of atlas in MapGIS format. The former is comprised of the primary analysis data of 16 elements for 1961 samples, and the later includes one mineral geological map, one sampling point bitmap, 16 single-element geochemical maps, and 16 single-element anomaly maps. On the basis of the Dataset, 403 single-element geochemical anomalies and 24 integrated anomalies were newly discovered. Meanwhile, three prospecting target areas of gold deposits and two of copper and polymetallic deposits were delineated based on the geological survey, geophysical and geochemical exploration, remote sensing data and existing metallogenic clues. The Dataset provides fundamental data for the map-sheet area and serves as a geochemical basis for geological research and applications in other fields.