This paper is the result of mineral exploration engineering.
[Object]Graphite has become an important raw material for emerging technology industries, and It is also an important key mineral resource for future high-tech development. China is not only a big country of graphite resources, but also a big country of production and consumption. It is of great significance to find out the distribution status of graphite mineral resources and summarize the geological characteristics and metallogenic regularity of different genetic types of graphite deposits to ensure the effective supply of graphite.[Methods]Collect published or published data of graphite minerals, and systematically summarize the geological characteristics, material sources and genesis of graphite deposits. [Results]Graphite mining areas are mainly distributed in East Asia-South Asia, East Africa, Eastern Europe-Central Europe, North America, South America and Oceania, and each mining area has its own characteristics in resource endowment, deposit genesis and metallogenic geological characteristics. China,Madagascar, Mozambique, Tanzania and other countries in East Africa, have achieved remarkable prospecting results in recent years, and many graphite deposits with resources of 100 million tons have been discovered. China, Mozambique and Brazil are the main producers of graphite ore, and the graphite output of these three countries will account for about 80% of the total output in 2020.[Conclusion]There are four types of graphite deposits:regional metamorphic type, hydrothermal type, magmatic type and contact metamorphic type. Among them, the carbon source of regional metamorphic type, contact metamorphic type, magmatic hydrothermal type and plutonic type graphite deposits is mainly organic matter, while that of metamorphic hydrothermal type and igneous carbonate type graphite deposits is mainly mantle magma carbon.
Hightlights: Basically find out the distribution of graphite resources, metallogenic potential and prospecting status in major graphite ore concentration areas; Re- classify the genetic types of graphite deposits, and summarize the carbonaceous sources and metallogenic regularity of graphite deposits of various genetic types.